How to handle errors and exceptions in PHP?

How to handle errors and exceptions in PHP?

Handling errors and exceptions is an important part of writing robust and reliable PHP code. In PHP, there are several ways to handle errors and exceptions:

1. Error Reporting: PHP has a built-in error reporting system that can be used to display errors and warnings in the browser or log them to a file. You can control the level of error reporting using the error_reporting() function and the display_errors directive in your PHP configuration file.
2. Try-Catch Blocks: In PHP, you can use try-catch blocks to catch exceptions that are thrown by your code. The try block contains the code that might throw an exception, and the catch block contains the code that handles the exception. For example:

try {
// Code that might throw an exception
} catch (Exception $e) {
// Code that handles the exception
}

3. Custom Error Handling: You can define your own error handling function using the set_error_handler() function. This function takes a callback function that is called whenever an error occurs in your code. For example:

function myErrorHandler($errno, $errstr, $errfile, $errline) 
    { 
      // Code that handles the error 
    } 
set_error_handler("myErrorHandler");

4. Assertions: PHP has a built-in assertion system that can be used to check for conditions that should be true in your code. If an assertion fails, an AssertionError is thrown. You can control whether assertions are enabled or disabled using the assert_options() function.

By using these techniques, you can ensure that your PHP code is robust and reliable, and that it handles errors and exceptions in a graceful manner.